新标准下东北地区气候季节变化特征

遵循季节性气候变化，做好气候变化的准备。 #生活乐趣# #旅行建议# #户外探险建议#

摘要：

基于国家标准《气候季节划分》（GB\T 42074−2022），利用格点数据CN05.1分析1961−2020年东北地区气候季节的变化特征，并对比新旧标准、气候基准期更替带来的变化。结果表明：新标准下，东北地区常年气候季节分为四季分明区和无夏区，无夏区主要分布在大、小兴安岭及与平原的过渡地带，常年春、夏季由南向东北方向、由中部平原向山地入季，秋、冬季与之相反，相比1981−2010年气候基准，三江平原、呼伦湖等部分地区由无夏区转为四季分明区。当年春季起始日在东北大部分地区分别呈1d·10a−1的显著提前趋势，东北平原中西部夏季起始日显著提前2～3d·10a−1，秋季起始日在四季分明区、冬季在无夏区和东北平原中部呈显著推迟趋势，夏、冬季持续时间分别呈显著延长、显著推迟趋势。相比原标准，新标准下春、夏季起始日以及夏、冬季持续时间的显著变化区域明显增多。东北地区逐年入夏面积占比呈3.9个百分点·10a−1的显著上升趋势，与6−8月平均气温呈显著正相关。四季起始日等级基本服从正态分布，夏季起始日略偏早。

关键词: 气候季节, 划分标准, 东北地区, 气候变化

Abstract:

According to the national standard of Climate Seasonal Division (GB\T 42074−2022), the characteristics of seasonal variation in Northeast China (NEC) for the period 1961–2020 were analyzed using CN05.1 gridded data, and the changes caused by the shift of the standards and climatological baselines were investigated. The results showed that the climatic season of NEC was divided into regions with four seasons and non−summer zone regions, and the non−summer regions were mainly located in the northern part of the NEC, high−altitude regions and their surroundings. Spring and summer started from the south to the northeast, from the central plains to the high altitude mountains, and vice versa in autumn and winter. Compared with the 1981–2010 baseline period, parts of the Sanjiang plain and Hulun lake changed from non−summer regions to four−season regions. The starting dates showed a significant advance of 1d·10y−1 in spring over most of the NEC region, and a significant advance of 2−3d·10y−1 in summer over the central and western parts of the Northeastern plains. The starting dates were significantly delayed in autumn over the four-season regions, and in winter over the non−summer regions and the central of Northeastern plains. The summer and winter duration were significantly prolonged and delayed, respectively. Compared to the original standard, there were more areas with significant changes in spring and summer starting dates and summer and winter duration under the new standard. The areas up to the summer standard showed a significant upward trend of 3.9PP·10y−1 and had a significant positive correlation with the area−mean June−July−August NEC temperature. The rating of starting date of seasons obeys the normal distribution law, with a slight advance in summer.

Key words: Climatic seasons, Standard for division, Northeast China, Climate change

网址：新标准下东北地区气候季节变化特征 https://klqsh.com/news/view/188354

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