2015—2022年湖南省0~14岁儿童跌倒伤害流行病学特征

发布时间：2026-01-17 06:42

儿童在玩耍时应确保安全，避免跌倒、烫伤等意外伤害。 #生活常识# #育儿常识# #儿童生长发育#

目的了解湖南省2015—2022年0~14岁儿童跌倒伤害流行病学特征和变化趋势,为预防儿童跌倒伤害提供干预策略。方法收集湖南省2015—2022年伤害监测系统哨点医院中0~14岁儿童的首次就诊患者,进行流行病学特征分析和跌倒构成比的趋势分析。结果 2015—2022年湖南省哨点医院儿童跌倒病例共42 950例,占儿童伤害病例的57.45%,占总伤害病例的19.29%,Joinpoint回归显示儿童跌倒占总伤害病例数的构成比呈上升趋势(AAPC=6.79%,t=4.54,P=0.004),且始终在儿童伤害原因中占据首位,男女性别比为1.97∶1。儿童跌倒发生高峰时间段为10点(8.67%)和16点(8.07%),发生地点主要为家中(40.36%),其次为学校与公共场所(27.38%)和公共居住场所(19.97%),发生时活动排前4位的为休闲活动(49.62%)、步行(17.90%)、体育活动(13.64%)、生命活动(12.85%),伤害性质主要为挫伤/擦伤(62.54%),伤害部位以头部为主(57.15%),0~＜1、1~＜5、5~＜10、10~14岁年龄组头部占比依次为81.41%、72.19%、56.64%、31.74%,严重程度主要为轻度(88.71%),跌倒后结局以处理后离院(89.09%)为主。结论跌倒是湖南省0~14岁儿童伤害的主要原因,以男孩居多,多发生在家中,头部为主要伤害部位,应有针对性完善相关法律法规和做好安全健康教育。

Abstract

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of and changing trends in fall injuries among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan province from 2015 to 2022, and to provide intervention strategies for preventing fall injuries among children. Methods We collected the data on first-diagnosed fall injury cases aged 0-14 years in sentinel hospitals of the injury surveillance system in Hunan province from 2015 to 2022, and then performed analyses on epidemiological characteristics and trends in the proportion of falls. Results From 2015 to 2022, there were 42,950 children cases of falls in sentinel hospitals in Hunan province, accounting for 57.45% of childhood injury cases and 19.29% of the total injury cases. Joinpoint regression displayed that the proportion of childhood falls among the total number of injury cases showed an increasing trend (AAPC=6.79%, t=4.54, P=0.004), and falls always ranked first among the causes of childhood injury. The male-to-female ratio was 1.97∶1. The peak occurrence time points of childhood falls were 10∶00 am (8.67%) and 4∶00 pm (8.07%). The most common location was at home (40.36%), followed by schools and public places (27.38%) and public residential areas (19.97%). The top four activities at the time of injury occurrence were leisure activities (49.62%), walking (17.90%), sports activities (13.64%), and daily life activities (12.85%). The most common nature of injuries was contusion/abrasion (62.54%). The head was the most vulnerable part of the body (57.15%). The proportions of head injury in the groups aged 0-＜1 year, 1-＜5, 5-＜10 and 10-14 years were 81.41%, 72.19%, 56.64% and 31.74% respectively. The majority of the cases were of mild severity (88.71%), and most patients were discharged after treatment (89.09%). Conclusions Falls were the main cause of injuries among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan province in 2015-2022. Most of the cases were boys and occurred at home, with the head being the primary part of fall injuries. It is necessary to improve relevant laws and regulations and conduct targeted safety and health education.

关键词

儿童 /跌倒 /流行病学 /变化趋势{{custom_keyword}} /

Key words

children /fall /epidemiology /changing trend{{custom_keyword}} /

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2015—2022年湖南省0~14岁儿童跌倒伤害流行病学特征[J]. 实用预防医学, 2026, 33(1): 55-59 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2026.01.011

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Epidemiological characteristics of fall injuries among children aged 0-14 years in Hunan province, 2015-2022[J]. Practical Preventive Medicine, 2026, 33(1): 55-59 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2026.01.011

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