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LetterMay 8, 2023

Highly Deformable High-Strength SiO2 Aerogel Designed with an Alternating Structure of Hard Cores and Flexible Chains for Thermal Insulation

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Xin Long*

Xin Long

School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

*E-mail: [email protected]

Xiaojie Yan

Xiaojie Yan

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610000, P. R. China

Lichun Zhou

Lichun Zhou

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Wei Chen

Wei Chen

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Sijia Ren

Sijia Ren

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Yuhong Qiu

Yuhong Qiu

School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Luxi Sui

Luxi Sui

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Xiongbang Wei

Xiongbang Wei

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Sizhe Wang

Sizhe Wang

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

Jiaxuan Liao*

Jiaxuan Liao

School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China

The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P. R. China

*E-mail: [email protected]

ACS Macro Letters

Cite this: ACS Macro Lett. 2023, 12, 5

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Published May 8, 2023

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Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

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Abstract

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Thermally insulating aerogels can now be prepared from ceramics, polymers, carbon, and metals and composites between them. However, it is still a great challenge to make aerogels with high strength and excellent deformability. We propose a design concept of hard cores and flexible chains that alternately construct the aerogel skeleton structure. The approach gives the designed SiO2 aerogel excellent compressive (fracture strain 83.32%), tensile. and shear deformabilities, corresponding to maximum strengths of 22.15, 1.18, and 1.45 MPa, respectively. Also, the SiO2 aerogel can stably perform 100 load–unload cycles at a 70% large compression strain, demonstrating an excellent resilient compressibility. In addition, the low density of 0.226 g/cm3, the high porosity of 88.7%, and the average pore size of 45.36 nm effectively inhibit heat conduction and heat convection, giving the SiO2 aerogel outstanding thermal insulation properties [0.02845 W/(m·K) at 25 °C and 0.04895 W/(m·K) at 300 °C], and the large number of hydrophobic groups itself also gives it excellent hydrophobicity and hydrophobic stability (hydrophobic angle of 158.4° and saturated mass moisture absorption rate of about 0.327%). The successful practice of this concept has provided different insights into the preparation of high-strength aerogels with high deformability.

ACS Publications

Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

Supporting Information

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The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00070.

Reaction mechanism during preparation; SEM images of the HF-SiO2 aerogel at 500 nm resolution; SEM image of the SiO2 aerogel prepared by tetraethoxysilane at 500 nm resolution; Explanation of the change in Poisson’s ratio; Proof of the excellent processability of the HF-SiO2 aerogel; Tensile stress–strain curve and corresponding deformation mechanism; Shear stress–strain curve and corresponding deformation mechanism; TG-DSC characterization curves (PDF)

mz3c00070_si_001.pdf (0.98 MB)

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Most electronic Supporting Information files are available without a subscription to ACS Web Editions. Such files may be downloaded by article for research use (if there is a public use license linked to the relevant article, that license may permit other uses). Permission may be obtained from ACS for other uses through requests via the RightsLink permission system: http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html.

Cited By

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This article is cited by 9 publications.

Xin Long, Jubo Tang, Congli Luo, Jianan Qin, Yu Wang, Lichun Zhou, Xiongbang Wei, Ying Lin, Shaolong Shi, Jiaxuan Liao. Hierarchical Building Blocks with Alternating Hard Cores and Flexible Chains for Ultrahigh Strength Aerogel. Nano Letters 2025, 25 (26) , 10303-10309. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01080Song Zhang, Jiahui Sun, Yijing Jia, Huili Liu, Gangwei Sun, Lu Li, Dongyu Bai. Low Shrinkage and Robust Polyimide/Ultrafine Glass Fiber Aerogel for Efficient Heat Resistance and Oil/Water Separation. ACS Applied Polymer Materials 2025, 7 (2) , 622-631. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.4c02744Xin Long, Xingrong Wu, Xiongbang Wei, Jian Yu, Sizhe Wang, Lichun Zhou, Jiaxuan Liao. SiO2 Nanostructure-Based Aerogels with High Strength and Deformability for Thermal Insulation. ACS Applied Nano Materials 2023, 6 (15) , 14393-14400. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c02416Pengzhan Yang, Nian Li, Wei Guo, Zheng Zhang, Shudong Zhang, Jin Zhong Zhang, Zhenyang Wang. Encapsulation of SiO 2 Nanofibers with Air Interlayer and SiC Shell for High Temperature Thermal Insulating Aerogels. Small 2025, 127 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504690Jie Xu, Stefan Seeger. Silicone nanofilament embedded, superhydrophobic polylactic acid composite aerogel. Chemical Engineering Journal 2025, 507 , 160208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160208Xin Long, Jianan Qin, Jubo Tang, Ji Xue, Yu Wang, Lichun Zhou, Sizhe Wang, Xiongbang Wei, Ying Lin, Jiaxuan Liao. Hierarchical Design of 1D Building Blocks for Anisotropic Aerogel. Advanced Functional Materials 2025, 35 (2) https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202413018Xinyi Chang, Yunfei Yang, Xiaota Cheng, Xia Yin, Jianyong Yu, Yi‐Tao Liu, Bin Ding. Multiphase Symbiotic Engineered Elastic Ceramic‐Carbon Aerogels with Advanced Thermal Protection in Extreme Oxidative Environments. Advanced Materials 2024, 36 (32) https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202406055Bingbing Gao, Hang Ku, Yukun Chen, Shuidong Zhang. Ultrastrong and Reusable Solar‒Thermal‒Electric Generators by Economical Starch Vitrimers. Small 2024, 20 (34) https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202401706Xin Long, Ji Xue, Jianan Qin, Jubo Tang, Linnan Bi, Ying Lin, Xiongbang Wei, Jiaxuan Liao. Compressible polybenzoxazine high-strength aerogel with a linear structure for thermal insulation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2024, 2808 (1) , 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2808/1/012002

ACS Macro Letters

Cite this: ACS Macro Lett. 2023, 12, 5

Click to copy citationCitation copied!

Published May 8, 2023

Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

Article Views

1298

Altmetric

-

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Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.

Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.

The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated.

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